• Time series forecasting is a statistical technique used to analyze historical data points and predict future values based on temporal patterns.

  • Shops on Buchanan Street, Glasgow in 2024 (image credit: Graeme J Baty / Shutterstock.com). Scottish businesses are feeling the squeeze from rising energy costs, with nearly nine in ten (88%) saying it has impacted them – and 62% reporting a significant impact. New research* conducted by Diffley Partnership and Stratcom UK commissioned by Octopus Energy […]

  • The quantity of aviation fuel spilled from the Stena Immaculate is not yet known (note: image shown is generic). Speculation was continuing on the morning of Wednesday 12 March into the cause and likely impacts of the North Sea collision. The 183-m oil tanker Stena Immaculate had been anchored off Withernsea, near Kingston-upon-Hull, when she […]

  • Imagine a world where we could predict the behavior of life just by analyzing a sequence of letters. This is not science fiction or a magic world, but a real world where scientists have been striving to achieve this goal for years. These sequences, made up of four nucleotides (A, T, C, and G), contain […]

  • Matrices are a key concept not only in linear algebra but also with regard to their prominent application and use in machine learning (ML) and data science.

  • AI-driven solutions are rapidly being adopted across diverse industries, services, and products every day. However, their effectiveness depends entirely on the quality of the data they are trained on – an aspect often misunderstood or overlooked in the dataset creation process. As data protection authorities increase scrutiny on how AI technologies align with privacy and […]

  • Have you ever spent hours sorting through messy spreadsheets or digging through emails just to collect information? Whether you’re running a business, planning an event, or gathering customer feedback, the way you collect and manage information can make or break your success. I recently came across Jotform, a powerful, user-friendly form builder that over 10 […]

  • Possibly a surprising enlistment in the ongoing culture wars, plastic is nonetheless another issue where melodrama often trumps detail. Or perhaps that should be: “Trumps”. The 47th president’s early executive order on straws – reversing Biden’s own 2024 order aiming to phase out single-use plastics in federal facilities – was undoubtedly another symbolic win for […]

  • The group’s stand at Aquatech. New guidance has added impetus to the search for a reliable and effective PFAS treatment solution. CPL/Puragen details the use of its PFAS treatment system Search, Capture, Destroy at a UK-based water utility. The DWI (Drinking Water Inspectorate) introduced strict limits on PFAS in treated water in August 2024, with […]

  • Copyright ICJ/CIJ/Frank van Beek This blog post is Part 2 of a three-part series highlighting the main legal arguments presented during the hearings of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the advisory opinion request related to States’ obligations regarding climate change. Part 1 focused on discussions regarding applicable law, and the no-harm rule. Part […]

  • 在巴库举行的COP29会议上,Carbon Brief采访了清华大学环境规划与管理系主任王灿教授,讨论了其领导的研究团队发布的《2024全球碳中和年度进展报告》。 上微信关注《碳简报》 该报告由清华大学大学碳中和研究院和环境学院联合发布,评估了不同国家在减缓气候变化的“目标、技术、资金和国际合作”方面的进展,指出了“碳中和目标与减排成果之间的实施差距”。  在这次内容广泛的采访中,王灿教授介绍了该研究所的研究结果并指出了世界实现净零排放的主要障碍。他还分享了对欧盟碳边境调整机制(CBAM)、中国即将提交的2035气候承诺(NDC)、碳市场、“碳双控” 政策、“十四五” 规划、碳达峰时间表、电气化、储能和氢能等的思考。  以下是采访的全文记录,记录已编辑以保证篇幅和清晰度: 关于碳中和执行进展:“我们从执行的角度来跟踪(各国碳中和的进展),更注重实际行动和用科学的方法去评估。” 关于发展中国家对气候行动的承诺:“发展中国家应对气候变化的决心和紧迫感非常强烈。因为他们更容易受到气候变化的影响,因此他们更加积极。” 关于中国2035年国家自主贡献:“我觉得下一轮NDC还是会跟我们的 “双碳” 政策保持一致的,主要更新是把我们的目标跟公约的时间表对标,比如把目标延长到2035年。” 关于全球可再生能源:“(全球可再生能源)已经增长得非常快了,但如果我们要实现2030年(可再生能源发电量实现三倍增长的目标),它必须增长得更快。” 关于可再生能源三倍增长的障碍:“我们认为(可再生能源)技术已经发展到可以更快部署的阶段……这本是可以实现的,但未能实现的一个重要因素是最近的贸易壁垒问题……我们发现包括美国在内的国家都有这样的政策。” 关于欧盟的碳边境调整机制(CBAM):“我们认为欧盟的CBAM对欧盟来说是积极的,因为它增加了其碳排放法规,它被认为改善了欧盟的内部政策。但是,它对国际合作来说是负面的,因为它是一项单边政策。” 关于实现净零排放的不同途径:“有一些国家已经实现了脱钩,看到经济增长不需要增加碳排放后,就宣布了碳达峰和碳中和。中国还没有实现,所以我觉得这也是一个显著特点,对发展中国家来说很有代表性。” 关于中国的碳市场:“我认为这方面的进展会更快……先确定一个(减排)总量,再通过碳市场,可以低成本地实现总量目标。” 关于无法实现能源强度目标:“各个目标最终都是为中国更广泛的气候行动服务的,所以我们并不执着于这个(能源强度)目标是否实现。 ” 关于更早实现碳达峰:“我个人不排除在某个时点,比如2024年、2025年,出现反弹或者增加。总体来看,从近几年的发展趋势……我们处在一个接近峰值的阶段,或者说是一个平台期。我觉得我比较认同这个判断。” 关于中国的电气化:“在我的文章中,电气化与可再生能源不是竞争关系,而是互补,相互支持……在构建这种新能源、可再生能源为主导的电力系统的过程中,终端电气化是非常有帮助的。” 关于需要储能系统:“储能是新能源系统建设中不可或缺的组成部分,而新能源的主要组成部分是可再生能源。” 关于氢气:“现在有很多问题,比如成本高,储存和运输困难,从长远来看,这些问题都需要解决。我们必须努力去解决,因为没有它,未来的体系和碳中和的道路可能会失败。所以它是一项关键的、不可或缺的技术。” Carbon Brief:您研究中最重要的发现是什么? 王灿:我们从执行的角度来跟踪(各国碳中和的进展),更注重实际行动和用科学的方法去评估。碳排放目标是定在未来几十年之后的,如果单纯看目标,很难评估我们现在的行动是否充分,所以需要科学、系统的方法来评估。我们认为实际行动很重要,评估行动的方法也很重要。 Carbon Brief:您的报告发现发展中国家的“雄心指数”较高,而发达国家的“雄心指数”较低。这里的“雄心指数”是什么意思? 王灿:当我们谈论“雄心指数”或用指数来表达我之前所说的内容时,我们遵循的理念是看行动而不是看宣言。因此,我们会修改各国的雄心指数。例如,一个国家可能宣称它希望尽快实现碳中和,但却采取设置各种障碍,来阻碍技术流动和阻碍全球合作的行动。[这种情况下,]它的目标可能非常雄心勃勃,但它的行动却有负面影响。我们的指数会考虑到这些因素,并在考虑这些因素后给出分数。截至去年,一些发展中国家的得分较高,而一些发达国家的雄心指数相对较低。 Carbon Brief:所以您的意思是,您会检查各国在其国家自主贡献中宣布的目标,并为他们的气候行动打出正分或负分,然后计算出他们的“雄心指数”的分数? 王灿:是的。 Carbon Brief:您对结果感到惊讶吗? 王灿:我并不感到意外,因为我参与联合国气候公约谈判已有十多年。从谈判过程中,我们可以感受到发展中国家应对气候变化的决心和紧迫感非常强烈。因为他们更容易受到气候变化的影响,因此他们更加积极。发达国家虽然有能力和技术,他们的科学家在这方面有更系统、更科学的知识,但他们不像中国这样的发展中国家那样坚持不懈。中国一旦宣布气候目标,就会系统地、持续地推进。而发达国家出于经济和国际贸易竞争的考虑,并没有这样做。 Carbon Brief:西方对中国2035年国家自主贡献(NDC)尤其感兴趣。您认为中国会提出什么新的气候目标,或者下一轮国家自主贡献应该写些什么?  王灿:我觉得下一轮NDC还是会跟我们的 “双碳” 政策保持一致的,主要更新是把我们的目标跟公约的时间表对标,比如把目标延长到2035年。我们已经有2030年要实现的目标了,下一轮NDC又会开启新一轮的2035年要实现的目标。不同阶段有不同的任务,但都是在一个总体框架下。中国已经公布了 “双碳” 目标,设定了两个时间点,建立了 “1+N” 的政策体系,我觉得无非就是在这样一个体系下把2030年到2035年的任务都具体化,这是我个人的理解和期待。 Carbon Brief:您的报告称,目前全球可再生能源发展速度不足以实现COP28提出的“2030年实现三倍增长”的目标,距离实现气候目标所需的部署规模存在“巨大差距”。阻碍更快增长的主要因素是什么? 王灿:我不确定你的问题和我们在报告中想要表达的观点是否完全一致。我对我们在报告中所说的内容的理解是,虽然我们看到可再生能源发展迅速,而且近年来形势十分乐观,但与2030年全球可再生能源发电量增加三倍的要求和2050年全球净零排放目标相比,仍然存在差距。  (全球可再生能源)已经增长得非常快了,但如果我们要实现2030年(可再生能源发电量实现三倍增长的目标),它必须增长得更快,特别是从全球角度来看。现在有一些国家,比如中国和东南亚的印度尼西亚,在过去一两年里部署(可再生能源)非常快,但在全球范围内,我们还没有看到所预期的速度。这是我们想要传达的核心信息,或者说是我们特别想传达的信息。  背后的原因是,我们认为(可再生能源)技术已经发展到可以更快部署的阶段,从我们的研究来看,部署得更快、更广泛之后,这项技术的进步速度就会加快,进入良性循环。这本是可以实现的,但未能实现的一个重要因素是最近的贸易壁垒问题,贸易壁垒已经从原来的高科技和通讯产品扩展到应对气候变化的可再生能源。  这种贸易壁垒是典型的基于传统、非常狭隘的经济利益的做法。它忽视了一个原本来自西方国际贸易理论的事实,即自由的国际贸易可以促进经济发展、技术进步,从而带来新一轮的共赢。忽略这一事实是短视的行为。在可再生能源领域,中长期的经济利益和对气候变化的坚定承诺都被放弃了。所以,我们认为这是可再生能源发展面临的一个需要解决的问题。 Carbon Brief:您能举一个您所提到的贸易壁垒的例子吗?  王灿:例如提高关税——对进口可再生能源设备征收(高额)关税,以及故意征收此类关税。这是我们在(报告中)国家分析里引用的例子。我们发现包括美国在内的国家都有这样的政策。我们的报告设定了一个框架,在这个框架中,我们检查是否有贸易壁垒政策,以及(这些政策)是否得到执行;然后,如果是,我们会查看它们是否针对减少排放所需的绿色和低碳技术;如果是,我们就会给出不同的权重和负分。 Carbon […]

  • On March 29, 2023, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted a resolution requesting an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on States’ obligations regarding climate change. This request was widely seen as an opportunity for the Court to clarify States’ legal obligations, advance climate justice, and protect the environment for present […]

  • In recent years, artificial turf has emerged as a practical and sustainable alternative to natural grass, offering solutions for various applications such as residential lawns, sports fields, and commercial properties. While it’s often praised for its convenience and aesthetic appeal, artificial turf also brings significant environmental and practical advantages. This blog explores these benefits from […]

  • The term “global warming” is typically used to describe increasing global temperatures as a result of human emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases.  However, unusually cold events are often portrayed as being made worse by human activity, as a result of increased variability or a disruption of the “polar vortex” in a […]

  • We’re witnessing a continued expansion of artificial intelligence as it expands from cloud to edge computing environments. With the global edge computing market projected to reach $350 billion in 2027, organizations are rapidly transitioning from focusing on model training to solving the complex challenges of deployment. This shift toward edge computing, federated learning, and distributed […]

  • The video/image synthesis research sector regularly outputs video-editing* architectures, and over the last nine months, outings of this nature have become even more frequent. That said, most of them represent only incremental advances on the state of the art, since the core challenges are substantial. However, a new collaboration between China and Japan this week […]

  • Even in a rapidly evolving sector such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the emergence of DeepSeek has sent shock waves, compelling business leaders to reassess their AI strategies. DeepSeek’s arrival has intensified discussions in boardrooms and government institutions, challenging assumptions about the technology’s trajectory and implications. However, one thing is becoming increasingly clear: advanced models like […]

  • Emma Zaballos is an avid threat researcher who is passionate about understanding and combatting cybercrime threats. Emma enjoys monitoring dark web marketplaces, profiling ransomware gangs, and using intelligence for understanding cybercrime. CyCognito, founded by veterans of national intelligence agencies, specializes in cybersecurity by identifying potential attack vectors from an external perspective. The company provides organizations […]